Page content
WEB-SEO-001
Descriptive titles
Give a page a concise title that describes its actual content. Avoid repeating a generic site title across unrelated pages.
Example and documentation
<title>HTML forms reference | Example Learning</title>
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-001 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-002
Accurate descriptions
Write a useful summary that matches the visible page. Search snippets may use other page content depending on the query.
Example and documentation
<meta name="description" content="Learn labels, input types and validation with practical HTML form examples.">
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-002 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-003
Headings that explain the page
Use a clear main heading and meaningful subsection headings. Structure the page for a reader looking for a particular answer.
Example and documentation
H1: HTML forms
H2: Labels
H2: Validation
H3: Field error messages
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-003 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-004
Natural wording
Use the terms readers use where they help explain the topic. Repetition or a keyword-density target does not improve an otherwise weak explanation.
Example and documentation
Reader question: How do I label a form field?
Answer it directly, then provide an example.
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-004 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-005
Original, useful material
Add information that helps someone complete a task or make a decision. State assumptions and keep claims tied to evidence.
Example and documentation
For a comparison: explain the criteria, identify the exact item, and show the date and source of changing facts.
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-005 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-006
Image descriptions
Use useful alt text and nearby context for informative images. Keep decorative images quiet and avoid filling alt text with repeated keywords.
Example and documentation
<img src="/form-diagram.png" alt="A label connected to its email input" width="800" height="400">
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-006 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-007
Crawlable internal links
Use ordinary anchors and meaningful labels to connect important pages. Google can also discover a URL through sources such as sitemaps or external links, so an unlinked page is not necessarily undiscoverable.
Example and documentation
<a href="/learning/web-reference/html">HTML examples</a>
Documentation: Search and platform documentation · URL discovery through sitemaps
Link to WEB-SEO-007 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-008
Stable URL handling
Use understandable URLs for new content and preserve existing destinations. A URL change needs an intentional redirect and link review.
Example and documentation
Existing page → retained address
Approved moved page → permanent redirect → exact replacement
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-008 · Back to entry index
Crawling and indexing
WEB-SEO-009
Canonical URLs
Identify the preferred URL for genuinely duplicate content and keep canonical signals consistent. A canonical link is a signal, not a guaranteed selection.
Example and documentation
<link rel="canonical" href="https://example.com/reference/html">
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-009 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-010
Robots crawl rules
Robots.txt controls crawler access. It is public and cannot protect private information or reliably remove a URL from search results.
Example and documentation
User-agent: *
Allow: /
Sitemap: https://example.com/sitemap.xml
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-010 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-011
Noindex placement
Place noindex in an HTML robots meta tag or response header when a page must be excluded. A crawler must access the directive to read it.
Example and documentation
<meta name="robots" content="noindex">
For a non-HTML response: X-Robots-Tag: noindex
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-011 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-012
Private pages
Protect account and administrative data with authentication and authorisation. Search directives only influence cooperating search engines.
Example and documentation
Unauthenticated account request → authentication required
Authorised account response → private cache policy
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-012 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-013
XML sitemaps
List canonical public URLs and use accurate lastmod values. Google ignores priority and changefreq. A sitemap helps discovery but does not guarantee that every listed URL will be crawled or indexed.
Example and documentation
<url><loc>https://example.com/reference/html</loc><lastmod>2026-11-07</lastmod></url>
Documentation: Search and platform documentation · Sitemap discovery limits
Link to WEB-SEO-013 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-014
Sitemap indexes
Split a large sitemap when required and list the child sitemap files in a sitemap index. A page URL belongs in a urlset, not a sitemap index.
Example and documentation
<sitemapindex xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9"><sitemap><loc>https://example.com/sitemap-pages.xml</loc></sitemap></sitemapindex>
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-014 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-015
Human-readable page directories
Give readers a useful route into a large content collection. A browsable directory complements crawlable navigation and XML discovery files.
Example and documentation
Reference library → HTML → Forms → Label examples
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-015 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-016
Real error status codes
A missing page should return an appropriate error status with a helpful explanation and navigation. A success status can create a soft 404.
Example and documentation
Unknown address → HTTP 404
Visible page → explanation + link to relevant navigation
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-016 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-017
Redirects and preferred hosts
Use a server-side redirect when a page has permanently moved. Check the destination and avoid chains, loops or unrelated replacement pages.
Example and documentation
Old URL → HTTP 301 or 308 → relevant new URL
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-017 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-018
Paginated collections
Give each page a usable URL and crawlable links. Each distinct page in a sequence normally points its canonical to itself.
Example and documentation
Page 2: /reference?page=2
Canonical: https://example.com/reference?page=2
Next link: /reference?page=3
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-018 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-019
Filter and search variants
Decide which variants have useful standalone content. Check that filters do not create unlimited crawl paths or accidentally hide valuable pages.
Example and documentation
Inventory: base collection, category page, sort variants, empty results, and invalid page numbers.
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-019 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-020
Rendered content
Make important text and links available in the HTML that search engines can process. Inspect the rendered output of interactive pages.
Example and documentation
Check the returned document for the main heading, body content, links and canonical metadata.
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-020 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-021
Multilingual alternatives
Use hreflang for equivalent language or regional pages. Include reciprocal references and accurate language identifiers.
Example and documentation
<link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://example.com/en/guide">
<link rel="alternate" hreflang="fr" href="https://example.com/fr/guide">
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-021 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-046
When crawl-budget analysis applies
Google targets this guidance at million-page sites with regular changes, 10,000-plus-page sites with daily changes, and sites with many URLs marked Discovered - currently not indexed. Diagnose the relevant condition before applying crawl-budget tactics.
Example and documentation
Check: unique URL count, content-change rate, Crawl Stats, server capacity and the share of discovered URLs awaiting indexing.
Documentation: Google crawl-budget scope
Link to WEB-SEO-046 · Back to entry index
Structured data and sharing
WEB-SEO-022
Truthful structured data
Describe the visible page with an appropriate schema type. Validate the markup and keep ratings, prices and claims aligned with real evidence.
Example and documentation
Visible article title = structured-data headline
Visible offer amount = structured-data offer amount
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-022 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-023
Breadcrumb data
Match structured breadcrumb names and URLs to a useful navigation path. Check that every destination exists.
Example and documentation
Home → Learning → HTML reference
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-023 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-024
Product and offer fields
Use product markup only for the relevant content and supported properties. Keep currency, price and availability current and consistent with the page.
Example and documentation
Product evidence: exact item identifier, visible price, currency, source and availability.
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-024 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-025
JSON-LD syntax
Use valid JSON inside a script of type application/ld+json. Escape embedded data safely and avoid trailing commas or undefined values.
Example and documentation
<script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"WebPage","name":"HTML reference"}</script>
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-025 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-026
Open Graph fields
Provide a page-specific title, URL, description and image for sharing. Use absolute image URLs that a public preview crawler can retrieve.
Example and documentation
<meta property="og:title" content="HTML reference">
<meta property="og:type" content="website">
<meta property="og:url" content="https://example.com/reference/html">
<meta property="og:image" content="https://example.com/share.png">
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-026 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-027
Social image descriptions
Provide dimensions and useful alternative text for a sharing image. Verify the actual image format and response rather than trusting its filename.
Example and documentation
<meta property="og:image:width" content="1200">
<meta property="og:image:height" content="630">
<meta property="og:image:alt" content="HTML reference cover">
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-027 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-028
X card metadata
Choose the supported card type that fits the content and provide a working image. Inspect the resulting preview rather than assuming every platform renders identically.
Example and documentation
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image">
<meta name="twitter:title" content="HTML reference">
<meta name="twitter:image" content="https://example.com/share.png">
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-028 · Back to entry index
Experience and launch
WEB-SEO-029
Mobile content parity
Keep important content and metadata available on small screens. The Mobile-Friendly Test retired in December 2023. Use current tools such as PageSpeed Insights and browser device emulation, alongside real interaction checks.
Example and documentation
Check a narrow viewport: all controls reachable; text wraps; primary content remains available.
Documentation: Search and platform documentation · Mobile-Friendly Test retirement · Chrome device emulation
Link to WEB-SEO-029 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-030
Largest Contentful Paint
Find the main content element that finishes loading late. Measure its request timing, rendering delay and competing resource work before changing it.
Example and documentation
Record the LCP element and timing, then compare the same page after the change.
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-030 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-031
Layout stability
Reserve media space and avoid inserting unexpected content above a reader's position. Compare layout-shift measurements on representative pages.
Example and documentation
<img src="/image.webp" width="800" height="600" alt="A reference diagram">
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-031 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-032
Interaction responsiveness
Measure Interaction to Next Paint (INP) to assess responsiveness. INP replaced First Input Delay (FID) as a Core Web Vital in March 2024. Inspect long tasks around slow real interactions.
Example and documentation
Measure the search, filter and menu interactions; inspect long tasks around a slow response.
Documentation: Search and platform documentation · INP replaced FID
Link to WEB-SEO-032 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-033
Efficient images and fonts
Use appropriately sized images and load only required font resources. Check visible quality and text rendering while reducing transfer and rendering work.
Example and documentation
Compare the displayed image width with the downloaded dimensions; inspect font requests in the network panel.
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-033 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-034
HTTPS and mixed content
Serve pages and required resources securely. Check redirects and embedded assets for HTTP references that cause browser warnings or failed loads.
Example and documentation
Page: https://example.com/
Required image: https://example.com/image.webp
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-034 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-035
Search Console evidence
Inspect indexing, canonical selection and crawl results in the verified property. A recrawl request does not guarantee immediate crawling or inclusion in search results. Record observed results separately from a submitted request.
Example and documentation
Record inspected URL, last crawl date, index status, selected canonical and any reported issue.
Documentation: Search and platform documentation · Recrawl request limits
Link to WEB-SEO-035 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-036
Preview and production identity
Check the public deployment's canonical host and metadata. Keep access controls appropriate for private previews and avoid preview URLs in public sitemaps.
Example and documentation
Production canonical → production hostname
Public sitemap → production URLs
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-036 · Back to entry index
WEB-SEO-037
Release acceptance checks
After publication, inspect representative live pages and real error states. Record the version, URL and observed result for each test.
Example and documentation
Home, detail, collection, learning page, unknown route, sitemap and robots response.
Documentation: Search and platform documentation
Link to WEB-SEO-037 · Back to entry index