Build with DEX · 47 reference entries

SEO reference

Check titles, indexing signals, structured data, sharing previews and launch evidence against current search guidance.

Search visibility starts with useful public pages that can be discovered and understood. These notes explain the checks and their limits. Publishing a reference entry is separate from proving that a live URL passes its acceptance check.

All reference topics · Reviewed source links

Entry index

Choose an entry or use Find on page to look for a term. Each number identifies an educational reference; production checks need their own recorded result.

Page content

WEB-SEO-002

Accurate descriptions

Write a useful summary that matches the visible page. Search snippets may use other page content depending on the query.

Example and documentation
<meta name="description" content="Learn labels, input types and validation with practical HTML form examples.">

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-002 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-004

Natural wording

Use the terms readers use where they help explain the topic. Repetition or a keyword-density target does not improve an otherwise weak explanation.

Example and documentation
Reader question: How do I label a form field?
Answer it directly, then provide an example.

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-004 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-005

Original, useful material

Add information that helps someone complete a task or make a decision. State assumptions and keep claims tied to evidence.

Example and documentation
For a comparison: explain the criteria, identify the exact item, and show the date and source of changing facts.

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-005 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-006

Image descriptions

Use useful alt text and nearby context for informative images. Keep decorative images quiet and avoid filling alt text with repeated keywords.

Example and documentation
<img src="/form-diagram.png" alt="A label connected to its email input" width="800" height="400">

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-006 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-008

Stable URL handling

Use understandable URLs for new content and preserve existing destinations. A URL change needs an intentional redirect and link review.

Example and documentation
Existing page → retained address
Approved moved page → permanent redirect → exact replacement

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-008 · Back to entry index

Crawling and indexing

WEB-SEO-009

Canonical URLs

Identify the preferred URL for genuinely duplicate content and keep canonical signals consistent. A canonical link is a signal, not a guaranteed selection.

Example and documentation
<link rel="canonical" href="https://example.com/reference/html">

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-009 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-011

Noindex placement

Place noindex in an HTML robots meta tag or response header when a page must be excluded. A crawler must access the directive to read it.

Example and documentation
<meta name="robots" content="noindex">

For a non-HTML response: X-Robots-Tag: noindex

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-011 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-012

Private pages

Protect account and administrative data with authentication and authorisation. Search directives only influence cooperating search engines.

Example and documentation
Unauthenticated account request → authentication required
Authorised account response → private cache policy

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-012 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-014

Sitemap indexes

Split a large sitemap when required and list the child sitemap files in a sitemap index. A page URL belongs in a urlset, not a sitemap index.

Example and documentation
<sitemapindex xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9"><sitemap><loc>https://example.com/sitemap-pages.xml</loc></sitemap></sitemapindex>

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-014 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-016

Real error status codes

A missing page should return an appropriate error status with a helpful explanation and navigation. A success status can create a soft 404.

Example and documentation
Unknown address → HTTP 404
Visible page → explanation + link to relevant navigation

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-016 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-018

Paginated collections

Give each page a usable URL and crawlable links. Each distinct page in a sequence normally points its canonical to itself.

Example and documentation
Page 2: /reference?page=2
Canonical: https://example.com/reference?page=2
Next link: /reference?page=3

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-018 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-019

Filter and search variants

Decide which variants have useful standalone content. Check that filters do not create unlimited crawl paths or accidentally hide valuable pages.

Example and documentation
Inventory: base collection, category page, sort variants, empty results, and invalid page numbers.

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-019 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-020

Rendered content

Make important text and links available in the HTML that search engines can process. Inspect the rendered output of interactive pages.

Example and documentation
Check the returned document for the main heading, body content, links and canonical metadata.

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-020 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-021

Multilingual alternatives

Use hreflang for equivalent language or regional pages. Include reciprocal references and accurate language identifiers.

Example and documentation
<link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://example.com/en/guide">
<link rel="alternate" hreflang="fr" href="https://example.com/fr/guide">

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-021 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-046

When crawl-budget analysis applies

Google targets this guidance at million-page sites with regular changes, 10,000-plus-page sites with daily changes, and sites with many URLs marked Discovered - currently not indexed. Diagnose the relevant condition before applying crawl-budget tactics.

Example and documentation
Check: unique URL count, content-change rate, Crawl Stats, server capacity and the share of discovered URLs awaiting indexing.

Documentation: Google crawl-budget scope

Link to WEB-SEO-046 · Back to entry index

Structured data and sharing

WEB-SEO-022

Truthful structured data

Describe the visible page with an appropriate schema type. Validate the markup and keep ratings, prices and claims aligned with real evidence.

Example and documentation
Visible article title = structured-data headline
Visible offer amount = structured-data offer amount

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-022 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-024

Product and offer fields

Use product markup only for the relevant content and supported properties. Keep currency, price and availability current and consistent with the page.

Example and documentation
Product evidence: exact item identifier, visible price, currency, source and availability.

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-024 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-025

JSON-LD syntax

Use valid JSON inside a script of type application/ld+json. Escape embedded data safely and avoid trailing commas or undefined values.

Example and documentation
<script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"WebPage","name":"HTML reference"}</script>

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-025 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-026

Open Graph fields

Provide a page-specific title, URL, description and image for sharing. Use absolute image URLs that a public preview crawler can retrieve.

Example and documentation
<meta property="og:title" content="HTML reference">
<meta property="og:type" content="website">
<meta property="og:url" content="https://example.com/reference/html">
<meta property="og:image" content="https://example.com/share.png">

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-026 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-027

Social image descriptions

Provide dimensions and useful alternative text for a sharing image. Verify the actual image format and response rather than trusting its filename.

Example and documentation
<meta property="og:image:width" content="1200">
<meta property="og:image:height" content="630">
<meta property="og:image:alt" content="HTML reference cover">

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-027 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-028

X card metadata

Choose the supported card type that fits the content and provide a working image. Inspect the resulting preview rather than assuming every platform renders identically.

Example and documentation
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image">
<meta name="twitter:title" content="HTML reference">
<meta name="twitter:image" content="https://example.com/share.png">

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-028 · Back to entry index

Experience and launch

WEB-SEO-029

Mobile content parity

Keep important content and metadata available on small screens. The Mobile-Friendly Test retired in December 2023. Use current tools such as PageSpeed Insights and browser device emulation, alongside real interaction checks.

Example and documentation
Check a narrow viewport: all controls reachable; text wraps; primary content remains available.

Documentation: Search and platform documentation · Mobile-Friendly Test retirement · Chrome device emulation

Link to WEB-SEO-029 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-030

Largest Contentful Paint

Find the main content element that finishes loading late. Measure its request timing, rendering delay and competing resource work before changing it.

Example and documentation
Record the LCP element and timing, then compare the same page after the change.

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-030 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-031

Layout stability

Reserve media space and avoid inserting unexpected content above a reader's position. Compare layout-shift measurements on representative pages.

Example and documentation
<img src="/image.webp" width="800" height="600" alt="A reference diagram">

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-031 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-032

Interaction responsiveness

Measure Interaction to Next Paint (INP) to assess responsiveness. INP replaced First Input Delay (FID) as a Core Web Vital in March 2024. Inspect long tasks around slow real interactions.

Example and documentation
Measure the search, filter and menu interactions; inspect long tasks around a slow response.

Documentation: Search and platform documentation · INP replaced FID

Link to WEB-SEO-032 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-033

Efficient images and fonts

Use appropriately sized images and load only required font resources. Check visible quality and text rendering while reducing transfer and rendering work.

Example and documentation
Compare the displayed image width with the downloaded dimensions; inspect font requests in the network panel.

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-033 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-034

HTTPS and mixed content

Serve pages and required resources securely. Check redirects and embedded assets for HTTP references that cause browser warnings or failed loads.

Example and documentation
Page: https://example.com/
Required image: https://example.com/image.webp

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-034 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-035

Search Console evidence

Inspect indexing, canonical selection and crawl results in the verified property. A recrawl request does not guarantee immediate crawling or inclusion in search results. Record observed results separately from a submitted request.

Example and documentation
Record inspected URL, last crawl date, index status, selected canonical and any reported issue.

Documentation: Search and platform documentation · Recrawl request limits

Link to WEB-SEO-035 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-036

Preview and production identity

Check the public deployment's canonical host and metadata. Keep access controls appropriate for private previews and avoid preview URLs in public sitemaps.

Example and documentation
Production canonical → production hostname
Public sitemap → production URLs

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-036 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-037

Release acceptance checks

After publication, inspect representative live pages and real error states. Record the version, URL and observed result for each test.

Example and documentation
Home, detail, collection, learning page, unknown route, sitemap and robots response.

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-037 · Back to entry index

Scope and outdated advice

WEB-SEO-038

Meta keywords

Google does not use the meta-keywords tag for indexing or ranking. Spend the effort on useful page content and accurate supported metadata.

Example and documentation
Review title, description and canonical before considering any legacy metadata.

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-038 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-040

AMP as an optional format

Evaluate AMP only when it serves a real publishing need. AMP itself is not a ranking factor; responsive, useful pages remain the core task.

Example and documentation
Decision record: publishing requirement, maintenance cost and measurable reader benefit.

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-040 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-041

Advertising and paid tools

A reference to ads.txt or a paid tool does not make it a required SEO feature. Apply only the requirements of services actually used.

Example and documentation
Inventory the active service and its approved configuration before adding a vendor file or subscription.

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-041 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-047

FAQ rich results retired

Google stopped showing FAQ rich results in May 2026 and removed the feature documentation. Keep useful question-and-answer content for readers, and check the current supported search features before promising a rich result.

Example and documentation
Visible FAQ content can still help readers. FAQPage markup does not create a Google FAQ rich result.

Documentation: Google Search documentation updates · Currently supported structured-data features

Link to WEB-SEO-047 · Back to entry index

Reputation and local discovery

WEB-SEO-042

Relevant earned links

Build material others can use and cite. Avoid buying links for ranking or turning forum participation into repeated promotional posting.

Example and documentation
Useful contribution: answer the question, disclose relevant affiliation, and link only when it adds evidence.

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-042 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-043

Local business eligibility

A local listing needs a business that meets the platform's eligibility rules. An online-only reference site should not invent a storefront or service area.

Example and documentation
Check eligibility and real customer contact arrangements before creating a Business Profile.

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-043 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-044

Consistent business details

Where local profiles are appropriate, keep the actual business name, contact information and opening hours accurate across the maintained listings.

Example and documentation
Record the real address or service area, telephone, hours, official website and date checked.

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-044 · Back to entry index

WEB-SEO-045

Authentic reviews

Invite feedback only through the relevant platform's permitted process. Never create ratings, edit the meaning of a customer's review or attach invented review schema.

Example and documentation
Publish a review only with its genuine source and applicable permission; keep structured claims consistent.

Documentation: Search and platform documentation

Link to WEB-SEO-045 · Back to entry index

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